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Flintknapping : making and understanding stone tools
Whittaker, John C. 1953-
Adult Nonfiction GN799.T6W445 1994
Whittaker, John C. 1953-
Adult Nonfiction GN799.T6W445 1994
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| Contents | Page |
|---|---|
| Acknowledgments | |
| 1 - Introduction | |
| Using This Book | |
| Learning to Knap | |
| 2 - Flintknapping: Basic Principles | |
| Flintknapping | |
| Conchoidal Fracture | |
| Properties of Material | |
| Flakes and Cores | |
| 3 - A Brief History of Flintknapping | |
| Prehistory of Stone Tools | |
| Recent "Stone-Age" People | |
| Modern Knapping | |
| Further Readings | |
| Other Resources: Finding Other Knappers | |
| 4 - Raw Materials | |
| Stone Quality | |
| Stone Materials | |
| Heat-Treating | |
| Collecting Material: Ethical and Practical Considerations | |
| 5 - Safety | |
| Proper Technique | |
| Eyes | |
| Hands | |
| Other Body Parts | |
| Lungs | |
| Waste Disposal | |
| Benefits | |
| 6 - Hard-Hammer Percussion | |
| Material and Equipment | |
| Percussion-Flaking Principles: An Experiment | |
| Percussion Flaking | |
| Platforms | |
| The Face of the Core | |
| Terminations | |
| Curvature | |
| Starting a Core | |
| Summary: Nine Essentials | |
| Examples | |
| 7 - Pressure Flaking | |
| Tools | |
| Raw Material | |
| First Principles | |
| Working Position | |
| Beginning | |
| Platform Preparation | |
| Thinning | |
| Notching | |
| Other Pressure-Flaking Techniques | |
| Summary: Six Essentials | |
| Application: Small Triangular Points from the Southwest | |
| Pressure-Flaking Problems | |
| Patterned Pressure Flaking | |
| 8 - Soft-Hammer Percussion and Bifaces | |
| Definitions | |
| Tools | |
| Beginning | |
| Soft-Hammer Principles and Results | |
| Biface Thinning Flakes | |
| Fracture Theories | |
| The Blow Platforms | |
| Biface Stages | |
| Knapping Strategy and Other Considerations | |
| Example: A Basic Biface | |
| Biface Problems: Prehistoric Mistakes | |
| Summary | |
| 9 - Blades and Fluting | |
| Blades | |
| Platforms | |
| Holding | |
| Punches | |
| The Blow Fluting | |
| Example: Fluted Point | |
| 10 - Using Stone Tools | |
| Stone vs. Steel | |
| Edges and Cutting | |
| Making a Projectile Foreshaft | |
| Going On | |
| 11 - Archaeological Analysis of Stone Tools | |
| Typology | |
| Stone Tool Types and Change through Time | |
| What People Did with Stones | |
| Sources of Variation: Why Stone Tools Are Not All Alike | |
| Analyzing Stone Tool Materials | |
| Technology and What It Tells Us | |
| Figuring Out Function | |
| Questions of Style | |
| Conclusions | |
| Appendix - Resources for Knappers | |
| References | |
| Index |
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